Microsoft Office’s default security settings often block macros from running, especially in files downloaded from the internet or received via email. While this protects against potential malware, it can be inconvenient when working with legitimate macro-enabled files. This article explains why macros get blocked and provides several methods to safely enable them when needed.
Why Microsoft Blocks Macros
Microsoft implemented stricter macro security measures in 2022 to combat the rising threat of macro-based malware. By default, Office applications now block macros in files from untrusted sources, displaying a “Security Risk” banner when users try to open such files.
This security feature aims to protect users from inadvertently running malicious code embedded in macros. However, it can also prevent legitimate macros from functioning, leading to the frustrating “Microsoft has blocked macros from running” message.
Method 1: Unblock the File (Most Effective)
The simplest and most effective way to enable macros in a downloaded file is to unblock it directly:
Step 1: Locate the file in Windows Explorer.
Step 2: Right-click the file and select “Properties”.
Step 3: In the General tab, look for a “Security” section near the bottom.
Step 4: Check the box next to “Unblock” and click “Apply” then “OK”.
This method works by removing the “Mark of the Web” that Windows applies to files downloaded from the internet. Once unblocked, Office will treat the file as if it originated from a trusted source.
Method 2: Enable Macros via Trust Center
If you frequently work with macro-enabled files, you can adjust Office’s macro settings:
Step 1: Open any Office application (e.g., Excel, Word).
Step 2: Click File > Options > Trust Center > Trust Center Settings.
Step 3: Select “Macro Settings” in the left pane.
Step 4: Choose one of the following options:
- “Disable all macros with notification” (Recommended)
- “Disable all macros except digitally signed macros”
- “Enable all macros” (Not recommended due to security risks)
Step 5: Click “OK” to save the changes.
Caution: Enabling all macros reduces security and should only be done in controlled environments.
Method 3: Use Trusted Locations
For frequently used macro-enabled files, consider using trusted locations:
Step 1: Open an Office application and navigate to File > Options > Trust Center > Trust Center Settings.
Step 2: Select “Trusted Locations” in the left pane.
Step 3: Click “Add new location” and browse to a folder on your computer.
Step 4: Check “Subfolders of this location are also trusted” if desired.
Step 5: Click “OK” to add the trusted location.
Files in trusted locations bypass macro security checks, allowing macros to run without warnings.
Method 4: Digital Signatures for Enterprise Use
For organizations, using digital signatures provides a secure way to enable macros:
Step 1: Obtain a code signing certificate from a trusted Certificate Authority.
Step 2: Use the certificate to digitally sign your macro projects.
Step 3: Distribute the signed files to users.
Step 4: Configure Group Policy to trust your organization’s certificates.
This method ensures that only macros signed by trusted publishers can run, offering a balance between security and functionality.
While macros can be powerful tools, it’s crucial to exercise caution when enabling them. Only unblock or enable macros for files from trusted sources, and maintain up-to-date antivirus software as an additional layer of protection. By following these methods, you can safely utilize macros while minimizing security risks in your Microsoft Office environment.